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Published in Great Britian, Aromatherapy Science:
A Guide for Healthcare Professionals, is a valuable text and resource
for not only healthcare professionals working in traditional medical settings,
but it is also an invaluable work for aromatherapy educators, students
and laypersons interested in seriously expanding their knowledge of holistic
aromatherapy. This book is ideally suited for those that have at least
an intermediate background in aromatherapy, but the introductory information
does give beginners a good foundation for the more advanced topics covered
within this work.
In addition to the eight main chapters contained within
the book, Aromatherapy Science: A Guide for Healthcare Professionals
also includes over 65 detailed oil monographs (profiles) and over 30 appendices.
Read the comprehensive table of contents shown below to view the extensive
number of topics covered within this 462 page text.
Contents for Aromatherapy Science: A Guide for
Healthcare Professionals:
Preface
About the Author
Abbreviations
Introduction
Definitions of Aromatherapy
Introduction to Aromatherapy Concepts
What is an Aromatherapist?
Aromatherapy, Aromatology and Aromachology
Aromatherapy Practice in the UK and USA
Common Uses of Essential Oils
Proven Effects of Essential Oils
Unproven Aromatherapeutic Virtues
Conclusion
Historical Background to Aromatherapy
Introduction
Incense: Inhalation Effects
Scented Plants Used as Incense in Ancient Egypt
Uses of Incense
Perfume and Cosmetics: Precursors of Cosmetological Aromatherapy
Medicinal uses: Precursors of Aromatology or 'Clinical" Aromatherapy
Modern Perfumery
Conclusion
Aromatherapy Practice
Introduction
Aromatherapy Basics
Massage Using Essential Oils
Recent Literature Review of the Benefits of Massage
Internal Usage of Essential Oils
Use of Pure or Synthetic Components
Therapeutic Claims for the Application of Essential Oils
False Claims Challenged in Court
Conclusion
Chemistry of Essential Oils
Essential Oils: Definition
Essential Oil Storage organelles
Aetiology of Essential Oil Components
Heterogeneity in Bioactivity of the Chemical Groups
Variation in Chemical Composition of Natural Essential Oils
Variation in Chemical Composition of Natural Essential Oils
Organic Essential Oils
Extraction of Essential Oils
Phytols or Hydrosols or Distillation Waters
Yield and Cost of Essential Oils
Modification of the Essential Oil
Standardisation
Adulteration of Essential Oils
Conclusion
The Bioactivity of Essential Oils
Introduction
Pharmacological Studies on Essential Oils: in vivo and in vitro
Antimicrobial Effects
Differences in Bioactivity Due to Mistakes in Nomenclature
Miscellaneous Actions
Conclusion
Science of Smell and Psychological Effects
Aromachology
Introduction to Odour and Receptors in the Brain
Primary Odours, Pheromones and Behavior
Perfumes: Their Commercial Uses
Physiological Responses to Essential Oils and Psychophysiology
Alternative or Complementary Medicine
Conclusion
The Safety Issue in Aromatherapy
Introduction
General Guidance for Essential Oil Purchase and Storage
Toxicity Testing in Animals
GRAS Status/NOELs
Poisonous Chemicals
Toxicity in Humans
Toxicity in Young Children: A Special Case
Selected Toxicities of Certain Essential Oils and Their Components
Abortifacient and Teratogenic Oils
Antifertility Oils
Genotoxic Oils
Neurotoxic Oils
Absolutes and Concretes
Phytols
Interactions Between Essential Oils and Conventional Medicines
or Medical Conditions
The Phenomenon of "Quenching": True of False?
Possible Dangers of Novel Essential Oils and Plant Extracts
Dangerous Practices of Some Aromatherapists
'Safe' Essential Oils and Their Toxicity
Possible Dangers of using Essential Oils Internally and Externally
in Large Doses
Reporting of Adverse Effects by Aromatherapists
Safety Warnings in the Aromatherapy Industry
Legislation: Present and Future
Conclusion
Clinical Studies
Introduction
Recent Clinical Studies
Past Clinical Studies
Use of Essential Oils Mainly as Chemical Agents
Single-case Studies
Problems Arising in Aromatherapy Studies
Conclusion
Introduction to the Monographs
Over 65 Individidual Oil Mongraphs (Extending Approximately 245
Pages of the Book)
Bibliography
Appendix 1: Bioactivity of commercial essential oils: antibacterial
and antifungal activities
Appendix 2: Parmacological properties of some commercial essential
oils on electrically stimulated smooth muscle of guinea-pig ileum in
vitro
Appendix 3: Pharmacological effect of selected essential oils on rat
uterus compared with that on the guinea-pig ileum in vitro
Appendix 4 Pharmacological effect of components on rat uterus compared
with that on guinea-pig ileum in vitro
Appendix 5: Pharmacological effects of blends of essential oils on
rat uterus compared with that on guinea-pig ileum in vitro
Appendix 6: Correlation between 1,8-cineole content of commercial
essential oils and bioactivity
Appendix 7: Comparison of the antibacterial and antifungal properties
of selected essential oils
Appendix 8: Mode of adulteration of the most commonly used essential
oils
Appendix 9: Drop volume versus weight of certain essential oils/absolutes
Appendix 10: Weight of one drop of essential oils using the droppers
provided with the bottles
Appendix 11: Comparison of the actual effect of essential oils on
guinea-pig ileum in vitro and the predicted effects using chemical composition
and aromatherapists' predictions
Appendix 12: Comparison of the actual effect of essential oil blends
on guinea-pig ileum and the predicted effects using chemical composition
and aromatherapists' predictions
Appendix 13: The predicted effect (percentage of components at the
retention times shown) of essential oils on guinea-pig ileum in vitro
Appendix 14: Psychological and physiciological effects of odours:
comparison of sedative and stimulant essential oils as determined by
using different parameters by different researchers
Appendix 15: Comparison of sedative and stimulant components as determined
by using different parameters by different researchers
Appendix 16: Some techniques used for psychophysiological measurements
in humans
Appendix 17: Evidence for transfer of components of essential oils
into blood/brain when applied to skin, orally or by inhalation
Appendix 18: 'Absorption' of essential oils from the animal skin,
i.e. rate of disappearance
Appendix 19: Common uses of essential oils
Appendix 20: Miscellaneous functions of essential oils according to
pharmacopoeias
Appendix 21: Established uses of essential oils/components: conventional
rather than complementary or alternative uses
Appendix 22: RIFM toxicological monographs
Appendix 23: RIFM recommended limit for safe use of essential oils
Appendix 24: Hazards and toxicity: CHIP
Appendix 25: Aspiration hazards (R65)
Appendix 26: Safety data: CHIP symbols explained in detail
Appendix 27: New 7th Amendment: European Parliament 2002
Appendix 28: Sensitisers and their essential oil sources
Appendix 29: harmful and sensitising oils (EFFA-IOFI-IFRA)
Appendix 30: List of banned oils/restricted oils: IFRA list
Appendix 31: Toxic or dangerous essential oils versus their usage
as food additives
Appendix 32: Guide for non-scientists on making a judgement on the
scientific merit of published papers on clinical studies and other research
Appendix 33: Some aromatherapy-related organizations
Index
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